Despite condemnation from the United States Department of State (DOS) France's foreign ministry and the European Union's High Representative on Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell following evidence presented in June by a UN Security Council-mandated investigation team which shed light on Rwanda's support for M23 there has been little impact on Kigali's calculus...

A decade in which the EU had spent €600 million on civilian and military missions in the Sahel trained 30 000 members of the security forces in Mali and Niger and 18 000 other military personnel 'did not serve to consolidate armed forces which support the democratic government' but instead forces 'which overthrow them' the EU's Commissioner on Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell told the European Parliament on 12 September (AC Vol 64 No 2 Grand ambitions little money)...

A post-election statement by the EU High Representative Josep Borrell was less strongly worded than the EOM's release but also critical of the election...

After Saïed's migrant remarks High Representative on Foreign Affairs Josep Borrell commented only that Tunisia was 'a very close neighbour… going through a delicate time'...

EUROPE FEARS 'LOSING AFRICA LITTLE BY LITTLE' Last October the European Union's High Representative on foreign policy Josep Borrell lambasted the bloc's emissaries in Africa for failing to boost relations with their hosts and losing the diplomatic battle with Russia and China...

EU foreign affairs high representative Josep Borrell has conceded that the EU had 'been losing Africa little by little'...

Ethiopia rejected any European Union participation in the Pretoria talks following a 17 October statement by High Representative Josep Borrell calling for an immediate halt to Ethiopia and Eritrea's joint offensive and a full withdrawal of Eritrean troops...