Gupta brothers (Ajay, Atul and Rajesh)

All were tainted by association with the Gupta family and companies involved in 'state capture'...

Relegation zoneRamaphosa fired seven ministers associated with state capture and the Gupta family and made several important appointments to make good his commitment to tackle corruption head on and revive South Africa's ailing economy (AC Vol 59 No 1 Cyril presses his advantage)...

He has brought back two finance ministers summarily fired by Jacob Zuma for rebuffing demands for easy access to state funds that benefited the Gupta brothers' businesses...

Some mining bosses were quick to compliment Mantashe on his appointment contrasting his integrity with the reputation of his predecessor Mosebenzi Zwane a close ally of Zuma and the Guptas...

It started at dawn when the special investigation unit raided the Guptas' sprawling mansion in Johannesburg's leafy northern suburbs from which the family is accused of running a kind of parallel government in league with Zuma...

Zuma could no longer protect the Guptas...

Journalists and civic activists worked relentlessly using the latest techniques in data analysis to get the inside story on the links between the Guptas and the Zuma clique...

The leak apparently engineered by a helpful intelligence officer of over 200 000 emails from the Guptas' email accounts helped the cause immensely...

OUTA have also accused many of Zuma's close aides and families of wrongdoing: • Lakela Kaunda Zuma gatekeeper and head of operations in the Presidency; • Gloria Bongi Ngema-Zuma one of Zuma's wives for whom the Guptas bought a R5...

4-million house; • Duduzane Zuma's son who was a business partner of the Guptas; • Mineral Resources Minister Mosebenzi Zwane who helped arrange access to Waterkloof air base for the Guptas' wedding guests; • Public Service and Administration Minister Faith Muthambi accused of sharing Cabinet documents with the Guptas; • Public Enterprises Minister Lynne Brown whose choice of appointees helped the Guptas; • Brian Molefe former chief executive of Eskom Transnet and the Public Investment Corporation and a good friend of the Guptas...

Five senior executives of Eskom are on OUTA's list: including former chairman Ben Ngubane suspended chief financial officer Anoj Singh and director Mark Pamensky who was in business with the Guptas...

Ramaphosa insisted according to a well-placed source that Zuma should pledge full cooperation with law-enforcement agencies and testify against his associates in the Gupta family and his favoured son Duduzane who have benefited hugely from presidential patronage (AC Vol 59 No 3 The goodbye gets longer)...

There are unconfirmed reports that the Gupta brothers made their Bombardier private jet available for a flight to Russia to prepare for a meeting or conference call with Zuma and associates Daily Maverick reports...

In the past week the National Prosecuting Authority has issued orders for the seizure of billions of rand in assets belonging to the politically-connected Gupta family including the Estina dairy farm project in Free State province which is at the centre of an investigation into the misuse of state funds and money laundering...

It has also frozen the bank account of Atul Gupta in charge of the Gupta finances...

6 billion ($134 million) diverted from the state electricity provider Eskom to Trillian a company with links to the Guptas...

' So far Magashule and his son who works for the Guptas have denied all wrongdoing...

However investigations into the Guptas' companies are speeding up and there are reports that one of their key associates Salim Essa has turned state's evidence and will testify at the Eskom parliamentary hearings (AC Vol 59 No 1 Pushing Zuma to the exit)...

April 2016: South Africa's four major banks close accounts with the Guptas' companies...

2 November 2016: Outgoing Public Protector Thuli Madonsela issues 'State Capture' report on the Guptas' political influence calling on Zuma to appoint a Commission of Inquiry headed by a judge...

30 May 2017: The extent of the Guptas' political influence is revealed to the media in over 100 000 emails leaked by security operatives...

The NPA's Asset Forfeiture Unit moves to freeze Atul Gupta's bank account and seize the R220-million Dairy Farm project in the Free State province...

Whatever compromises he makes with the Zuma loyalists Ramaphosa cannot fully establish his credibility unless he can purge the ministers most strongly associated with the government's business deals and favours with the Guptas...

Gigaba was a supporter of the Guptas as Home Affairs Minister and is widely regarded as being part of Zuma's inner circle of patronage...

They want to dilute the mandate of the inquiry perhaps by expanding its scope and taking the focus away from the Zuma family and its business partners the Guptas (AC Vol 57 No 22 A week of defeats for Zuma)...

HSBC one of Britain's biggest banks has been accused by a British peer of complicity in a US$500 million money-laundering scheme organised by businesses controlled by the Gupta family close allies of President Jacob Zuma...

He called on Hammond to ensure HSBC's ties with the Guptas were cut urgently prior to a criminal investigation...

'This information shows illegal transfers of funds from South Africa made by the Gupta family over the last few years from their South African bank accounts held with a British bank to accounts held with the same bank in Dubai and Hong Kong ' Hain told the Lords...

Hain said he had been 'stunned' by the extent of the Guptas' money-laundering and their 'facilitation of a transnational financial crime network'...

New information indicated that the Guptas had shifted the focus of money-laundering to the metal-recycling sector said Hain citing the same whistle-blowers in South Africa...

During question time in the Lords last month Hain disclosed that the Chancellor had agreed to launch an investigation by the Serious Fraud Office and other law enforcement agencies to establish whether the British banks HSBC and Standard Chartered and India's Bank of Baroda had been involved in money-laundering linked to the Guptas' network...

By the end of last year all of South Africa's banks were refusing to operate accounts for the Guptas' companies...

Hain is handing over several documents about the Guptas' financial transitions to the regulatory authorities in the United States and the European Union...

British public relations company Bell Pottinger was forced to close after it admitted working with the Guptas on a racially-charged political campaign...

Although the British-based KPMG auditors and the US's McKinsey Consulting have made qualified apologies for their operations with the Guptas the reputational damage continues with both companies likely to be embroiled in protracted lawsuits...

Last week Hain produced a list of 27 names (along with their bank account details and identity numbers) to be investigated as part of Gupta-gate: it included President Zuma ten members of his family the three Gupta brothers and eight members of their family...

Now many of the cases involving Zuma's business allies the Guptas are likely to be heard outside the country...

Mabuza although not seen as one of the surrogates of the Guptas – three billionaire Indian brothers alleged to have engineered Zuma's capture of state institutions – has been involved in his own circle of patronage in a province once seen as the most corrupt (AC Vol 58 No 19 )...

The government is in disarray over how to handle the deepening crisis unleashed by the auditing firm KPMG's involvement in the affairs of the Guptas and the 'state capture' phenomenon in which so many global companies have become complicit...

The Gupta brothers have been accused by a government watchdog of 'improperly influencing the award of government contracts' (AC Vol 57 No 21 Stalwarts push for Zuma's exit & Vol 58 No 13 Factional fireworks threaten party)...

The company apologised for benefiting from its contract with the Gupta brothers and undertook to repay R23 million ($1...

The United Kingdom-based public relations company Bell Pottinger was forced to close following an independent investigation into its campaign to polish the image of the Guptas by exploiting racial and socio-economic divisions in South Africa...

Other major international brands such as McKinsey and the German software giant SAP have dismissed executives and apologised for improper conduct relating to the Guptas...

In a grovelling public apology after 18 months of silence auditing giant KPMG admitted that its senior executives in South Africa had 'made mistakes' and 'ignored red flags' in working for the Gupta family...

) to charities as recompense for the consultancy fees it received from state-owned companies which were facilitated by the Guptas...

But KPMG is the latest global company to have paid a heavy price for working for the Gupta family...

The London-based public relations firm Bell Pottinger has applied for receivership after a string of its major clients abandoned it following media coverage of its campaigns for the Guptas...

The CEO of management consultant McKinsey's South Africa office has resigned and the company is investigating its work done for South Africa's state-owned power utility Eskom and Trillion another consulting company linked to the Guptas...

'Given the scale of the Guptas' patronage and web of kick-backs it would be almost impossible for a company dealing with Gupta front companies to prove that it was not receiving funds emanating from a corrupt relationship ' said the head of a London-based risk consultancy focusing on Africa...

A leading British investor who has researched the leaked emails detailing the Guptas' correspondence has estimated that the Gupta brothers moved about 15 billion rand ($1...

In the meantime the Guptas have begun a fire-sale of their assets and are negotiating the sale of their coal-mining interests to a Middle Eastern buyer for around 2...

Analysts said that banks will scrutinise the sale to ensure that it is not an attempt by the Guptas to gain banking access via a proxy...

) from another buyer was turned down by the Guptas...

South Africa's four leading banks cut the Guptas' access to accounts a year ago and the Bank of Baroda an Indian bank which was their last channel to pay staff cut access at the end of August...